FAQ
The following gathered the question we received from a customer. When a question is clicked, you can see an answer.
For details, please make a contact to Marketing & MR Section.
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Is it possible to use self-made reagents safely to compensate for the shortage of component reagents?
The applications and usage of our in vitro diagnostics are described in their package inserts. Other applications and usages are not permitted, and their performances are not guaranteed if they are used otherwise.
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Is it possible to use plasma samples for measurements with products intended for serum samples?
The applications and usage of our in vitro diagnostics are described in their package inserts. Other applications and usages are not permitted, and their performances are not guaranteed if they are used otherwise.
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I would like to conduct measurements using non-human samples.
The applications and usage of our in vitro diagnostics are described in their package inserts. Other applications and usages are not permitted, and their performances are not guaranteed if they are used otherwise.
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Is it possible to reduce the sample volume?
The applications and usage of our in vitro diagnostics are described in their package inserts. Other applications and usages are not permitted, and their performances are not guaranteed if they are used otherwise.
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Is it possible to extend or shorten the reaction time?
The applications and usage of our in vitro diagnostics are described in their package inserts. Other applications and usages are not permitted, and their performances are not guaranteed if they are used otherwise.
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I would like to read package inserts before purchase to check detailed usages.
Please request package inserts, product information materials, etc. from the Marketing & MR Section.
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Where can I purchase your products?
How to purchase differ with products. For detailed information, please see here
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Can I order on the net?
I am afraid we neither sell over the Internet nor take orders by e-mail.
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Can I return a product after purchase?
We do not accept returned products because of the nature of the products. Please check products carefully before purchase.
Anti-endothelin antibody (7631,7632)
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What is the specificity for ET-1, -2, and -3?
Both antibodies are reactive to all of them. There is no product that specifically reacts with any one.
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Antibodies specific to any one of ET-1, -2, and -3 are needed.
Both antibodies are reactive to all of them. There is no product that specifically reacts with any one.
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Are they cross-reactive to endothelin of other animal species?
Only cross-reactivity to human endothelin was examined. Reactivity to those of other animal species is unknown.
Anti-interferon antibodies (7889,7890,7891)
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Is it possible to apply these antibodies to Western blotting?
These products were intended to inhibit interferons. Their effects on Western blotting and tissue staining remain unknown.
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How about tissue staining?
These products were intended to inhibit interferons. Their effects on Western blotting and tissue staining remain unknown.
Anti-mouse IgE antibody (7617,7627)
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Is it possible to measure antigen-specific IgE using these products? Please specify antigens and detection levels.
Antigen-specific mouse IgE measurement is described in the following publication. In this method, two types of monoclonal anti-mouse IgE antibody were employed. Thus, both products are applicable. We have not examined this issue.
Japanese Biochemical Society ed., “Biochemical Experimental Course 1” Volume 12; 28 Molecular Immunology II/Molecular Genetics and Allergy, P293
Anti-myosin heavy chain antibody (7599,7600,7601)
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How are they applied to tissue staining?
Since results vary with sample types and conditions, please preliminary determine the conditions.
Stain samples after paraffin removal. In some cases, microwave treatment is needed. Dilute antibodies at ratios of 400-3,000. For specific methods, please see the following publications.Masanori Aikawa et al., Redifferentiation of Smooth Muscle Cells After Coronary Angioplasty Determined via Myosin Heavy Chain Expression. Circulation. 1997; 96: 82-90.
Yoko Nagai et al., Renal vascular walls in patients with preeclampsia superimposed on essential hypertension. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001; 37 (4): 728-35. -
What is the IgG content in antibodies?
The amount of antibody has not been measured, because this product is a mouse ascites fraction.
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How are they applied to Western blotting?
Since results vary with sample types and conditions, please preliminary determine the conditions.
Use a dilution factor of 10-1,000 depending on antibodies and samples. Care should be exercised for electrophoresis of large molecules. e.g., SM1 (about 204,000 Da) and SM2 and SMemb (both about 200,000 Da). For specific methods, please see the following publication.Makoto Kuro-o et al., cDNA cloning of a myosin heavy chain isoform in embryonic smooth muscle and its expression during vascular development and in arteriosclerosis. J Biol Chem 1991; 266: 3768-3773.
Masanori Aikawa et al., Human smooth muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms as molecular markers for vascular development and atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 1993; 73: 1000-12. -
What are cross-reactivity and crossing rates of each antibody by animal species?
For data in humans, mice, rats, and rabbits, please see here. Data in pigs, dogs, and monkeys are unavailable.
For 7600, 7601, and 7602, the reactivity to mouse antigen remains unknown, because they derive from mice.
Crossing rates have not been examined, because the cross-reactivity is examined by staining.
Anti-rat IgE antibody (7592,7610)
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Is it possible to measure rat IgE? Is rat IgE available as a standard for the measurement?
Yes, rat IgE can be measured using these products. For the measuring method, see here. It should be noted that rat IgE to be used as a standard is unavailable from our company. Please use a commercially available product.
Mouse anti-DNP-IgE (7676)
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What is its PCA titer?
For the application to PCA, see the following literature. Since this product is intended for EIA, its PCA titer has not been determined.
Takao Hirano et al., Establishment and application of anti-mouse IgE monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma, Medical Immunology 15; P211, 1988
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Is it applicable to PCA (passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction)?
For the application to PCA, see the following literature. Since this product is intended for EIA, its PCA titer has not been determined.
Takao Hirano et al., Establishment and application of anti-mouse IgE monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma, Medical Immunology 15; P211, 1988
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Is it possible to use it for sensitization of mast cells?
Yes, please use it in the usual way.
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Does it have inhibitory effects on histamine release?
That has not been examined.
7675 Mouse IgE measurement kit “Yamasa” EIA
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What is needed for measurement, in addition to the kit?
The product contains all the necessary reagents. For preparation, stock solutions (10-fold concentrated solutions) are diluted with purified water. In addition, general-purpose equipment, such as a micropipette, and a microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm are needed.
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Is there any reagent that users have to prepare?
The product contains all the necessary reagents. For preparation, stock solutions (10-fold concentrated solutions) are diluted with purified water. In addition, general-purpose equipment, such as a micropipette, and a microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm are needed.
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Is it possible to measure IgE in rats, guinea pigs, and humans?
Monoclonal antibodies used in this product react specifically with mouse IgE. Thus, IgE derived from other animal species cannot be measured.
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Are IgE values different among mouse species?
We have not measured IgE values in all mouse species. The monoclonal antibodies used for this product react specifically with a commercially available mouse IgE. However, whether or not they react with any IgE in mouse sera remains unknown.
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Is it possible to measure IgE values in any mouse species?
We have not measured IgE values in all mouse species. The monoclonal antibodies used for this product react specifically with a commercially available mouse IgE. However, whether or not they react with any IgE in mouse sera remains unknown.
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What is the normal IgE value in mice?
As we investigated, IgE values were below the detection limit in most of BALB/c mice reared in SPF environments. Similar results may be obtained for Nc/Nga mice as far as they have no symptom (e.g., infection and inflammation), although not all mouse species have been examined. In addition, low IgE concentrations in samples may fall below the detection limit after dilution, as described below.
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No IgE was detected in mouse sera. Is this a failure?
The lowest detection sensitivity of this product is about 2 ng/mL. Thus, no IgE may be detected in samples with ≤50 ng/mL IgE, because they are 25-fold diluted. Therefore, non-detection of IgE is not necessarily a failure of the product or any problem in measurement. Please check the absorbance of a standard solution used as a control.
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Is it possible to use EDTA or heparin plasma as a sample?
This product is an ELISA kit using monoclonal antibodies, allowing the reaction and detection of mouse IgE if any in a sample. However, the effects of contained solvents (plasma components, medium components, buffer, etc.) should be examined. Thus, measurement should be conducted with a sample solvent supplemented with IgE at a known concentration to examine the effects of the solvent based on the recovery rate. As described above, IgE may fall below the detection limit if contained at low concentrations.
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Is it possible to measure IgE in a culture supernatant or cell lysate?
This product is an ELISA kit using monoclonal antibodies, allowing the reaction and detection of mouse IgE if any in a sample. However, the effects of contained solvents (plasma components, medium components, buffer, etc.) should be examined. Thus, measurement should be conducted with a sample solvent supplemented with IgE at a known concentration to examine the effects of the solvent based on the recovery rate. As described above, IgE may fall below the detection limit if contained at low concentrations.
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Anesthetics or ether is used for blood sampling from mice. Is there any effect on measurements?
We have no data available.
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Sera are diluted 25-fold or above. Is there any problem with lowering the dilution factor for measurement (at higher concentrations)?
The effects of serum components preclude accurate measurements. The effects vary with samples, and can be ignored at a dilution factor of 25.
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Is it possible to conduct measurement with a larger or smaller sample volume?
The product performance is guaranteed only when measurement is conducted using the regimens described in the package insert. Measurements, conducted otherwise, cannot be guaranteed.
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Is it possible to conduct measurement at a longer or shorter reaction time?
The product performance is guaranteed only when measurement is conducted using the regimens described in the package insert. Measurements, conducted otherwise, cannot be guaranteed.
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Is it possible to measure antigen-specific IgE?
No, it cannot be measured only with the kit. In addition, we have not examined measurement using the kit. Please consider combinations with commercially available antibody reagents.
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We would like to measure as many samples as possible. Is it possible to omit the standard solution or blank?
Absorbance varies with measurement conditions, even if samples of the same concentration are used. Thus, the standard solution and blank should be included in all measurements.
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How is the sample concentration calculated when measured after 25-fold dilution?
Measured values are concentrations in diluted samples, and, therefore, need to be multiplied by a dilution factor to determine sample concentrations. For 25-fold dilution, measured values need to be multiplied by 25. For >25-fold dilutions, apply the multiplying factors.
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Is the standard solution adjusted so that the calculated concentration corresponds to the sample concentration when measured after 25-fold dilution?
Measured values are concentrations in diluted samples, and, therefore, need to be multiplied by a dilution factor to determine sample concentrations. For 25-fold dilution, measured values need to be multiplied by 25. For >25-fold dilutions, apply the multiplying factors.
80072 rat/mouse SP-D kit “Yamasa” EIA
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Is there anything required for measurement, in addition to the kit?
The product contains all the necessary reagents. For reagent preparation, stock solutions for washing and enzyme-labeled antibodies are diluted, and coloring reagents A and B are mixed. In addition, general-purpose equipment, such as a micropipette, and a microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm are needed.
The sample must be diluted, but no pretreatment is needed. -
Is there any reagent that must be prepared by users?
The product contains all the necessary reagents. For reagent preparation, stock solutions for washing and enzyme-labeled antibodies are diluted, and coloring reagents A and B are mixed. In addition, general-purpose equipment, such as a micropipette, and a microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm are needed.
The sample must be diluted, but no pretreatment is needed. -
Is sample pretreatment required?
The product contains all the necessary reagents. For reagent preparation, stock solutions for washing and enzyme-labeled antibodies are diluted, and coloring reagents A and B are mixed. In addition, general-purpose equipment, such as a micropipette, and a microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm are needed.
The sample must be diluted, but no pretreatment is needed. -
Is it possible to conduct measurement at a longer or shorter reaction time?
The performance of this product is guaranteed only when measurement is conducted using the reagents enclosed in the product as described in the package insert. Measured results cannot be guaranteed if obtained otherwise.
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Is it possible to conduct measurement with a larger or smaller sample volume?
The performance of this product is guaranteed only when measurement is conducted using the reagents enclosed in the product as described in the package insert. Measured results cannot be guaranteed if obtained otherwise.
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Is it possible to conduct measurement by replacing some reagents with self-made reagents?
The performance of this product is guaranteed only when measurement is conducted using the reagents enclosed in the product as described in the package insert. Measured results cannot be guaranteed if obtained otherwise.
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Is it possible to reduce the points for the standard solution or omit the blank (0 ng/mL)?
No, the standard solution and blank should be simultaneously measured every time, because absorbance varies with measurement conditions, even if the standard solution, blank, and samples of the same concentration are measured.
Since a standard curve varies with absorbance at each point of the standard solution, measurements need to be conducted at each point. -
It is possible to use the same standard curve for measurements with products of the same lot?
No, the standard solution and blank should be simultaneously measured every time, because absorbance varies with measurement conditions, even if the standard solution, blank, and samples of the same concentration are measured.
Since a standard curve varies with absorbance at each point of the standard solution, measurements need to be conducted at each point. -
Is it possible to apply a standard curve, previously created, to subsequent measurements?
No, the standard solution and blank should be simultaneously measured every time, because absorbance varies with measurement conditions, even if the standard solution, blank, and samples of the same concentration are measured.
Since a standard curve varies with absorbance at each point of the standard solution, measurements need to be conducted at each point. -
Is it possible to use rat SP-D as a standard solution for other purposes?
Since the standard solution is supplied in a form suitable for measurement, it cannot be used for other purposes. Rat SP-D protein is not supplied separately.
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Do you supply rat SP-D protein?
Since the standard solution is supplied in a form suitable for measurement, it cannot be used for other purposes. Rat SP-D protein is not supplied separately.
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Do you supply a standard solution for mouse SP-D?
There is no method to calculate the amount of mouse SP-D from rat SP-D equivalent. We do not supply a standard solution for mouse SP-D.
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Is there any method to calculate the amount of mouse SP-D from rat SP-D equivalent?
There is no method to calculate the amount of mouse SP-D from rat SP-D equivalent. We do not supply a standard solution for mouse SP-D.
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Is the enzyme-labeled antibody enclosed in the product applicable to Western blotting and tissue staining?
The reagents enclosed in the product are supplied in a form suitable for measurement. Thus, they cannot be used for other purposes.
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Is it possible to measure SP-D levels in animals other than rats and mice?
Using the product, SP-D levels can be measured only in rats and mice. Whether or not SP-D levels can be measured in other animal species remain unknown.
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Do serum SP-D levels vary with rat/mouse species?
SP-D levels have not been extensively examined in all rat/mouse species.
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Is it possible to measure SP-D in any sample?
Considering the measurement principle, rat/mouse SP-D may be detected in various samples under conditions that allow antibody reactions. However, it may not be accurately measured, because the effects of other components and solution conditions have not been examined.
The reactivity of antibodies may be altered by amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures that differ between naturally-occurring and recombinant proteins. Thus, recombinant proteins may not be measured in the same manner as native forms.
This product is intended for the measurement of SP-D in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Thus, measurements in other samples cannot be guaranteed. -
Please specify the recognition site of the antibody used in the product.
We have not examined the recognition site of the antibody.
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Is it possible to measure recombinant SP-D?
Considering the measurement principle, rat/mouse SP-D may be detected in various samples under conditions that allow antibody reactions. However, it may not be accurately measured, because the effects of other components and solution conditions have not been examined.
The reactivity of antibodies may be altered by amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures that differ between naturally-occurring and recombinant proteins. Thus, recombinant proteins may not be measured in the same manner as native forms.
This product is intended for the measurement of SP-D in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Thus, measurements in other samples cannot be guaranteed. -
Is it possible to use sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids for measurement at a low dilution ratio?
Samples, diluted at a lower dilution ratio than that described in the package insert, may not be accurately measured because of the effects of other components in the sample. Thus, measurement needs to be conducted at the dilution ratio described in the package insert.
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What are the normal values in rats and mice?
Normal values have not been determined in rats and mice using the product. In addition, SP-D value may vary with breeding and experimental conditions. Be sure to prepare control samples for each test. Measurements with ELISA, a prototype of this product, in normal rats, can be seen here (Note: These are reference values, because they were obtained using a prototype with small sample size.).
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Are serum SP-D values elevated in rats/mice by damage other than lung injury?
No report has been published on elevated SP-D values in rats and mice. However, reportedly, SP-D values are elevated by interstitial pneumonia, hypersensitive pneumonitis, and lung cancer lines in humans.